Tuesday, February 26, 2013

The Effects of Text Messaging

According to Nielsen, American teenagers send and receive, on average, 2,272 messages per month. This equates to nearly 80 messages a day. In fact, text messaging is so popular that in North America (as of 2006), 40% of cell phone users actively use SMS. In Europe the average is 85%. Throughout the world, the use of text messaging has developed very rapidly. In 2000, 17 billion text messages were sent. By 2004, that number reached nearly 500 billion, that's almost 85 text messages per person in the world.

The popularity of text messaging has placed people in positive and negative situations. For example, former Detroit Mayer Kwame Kilpatrick had his whole life turn upside down through a text messaging sex scandal. He went from being the youngest to the only mayor to be charged with a felony in Detroit. On the positive side, text messaging is utilized as a source of information and reminders. Many credit card companies provide SMS reminders on upcoming due dates. With the increased popularity of cell phones with internet capabilities, people would be able to pay their bills upon receiving the alert. In addition, one can send a text message to Google to find out directions, weather, flight status, sports scores, etc. Services like ChaCha allow us to answer any of our questions. All you do is send a question to ChaCha and a live person will send you a message back, within a few minutes, with the answer to your question. However, these convenient services, as well as general text messaging, have its outcomes.

Many experts agree that text messaging has served more bad than good, especially to the teenage population. There are obvious safety concerns, especially with recent proposals to ban text messaging while driving. This obviously creates a distraction to drivers, putting other drivers and pedestrians at risk. Even while walking, people have most of their attention to typing their messages, instead of what's ahead of them. Especially in busy places, I've noticed people still don't pay attention. The other day I was walking by Times Square and got very annoyed at people who suddenly stop in the middle of the sidewalk to finish a message. That, and a combination of tourists, makes Times Square a trap.

The Effects of Text Messaging

Teenagers are easily distracted at school. Instead of paying attention in classes, students are texting away. I've seen this happen a lot in college. Especially in high schools, this leads to falling grades, and poor report cards. Some kids are up late messaging their friends, which experts believe could have a significant impact on sleep. I've seen a lot of people struggle in college because they use their phones so much. I think this is because when you send a text message, it is likely that you are in the middle of a thought. Thus, a response means the inclination to respond right away, distracting you from other things (studying). I saw this happen at my school library all the time. Especially during finals, it would take forever to find a table. It's really frustrating when people take up study space but just sit there typing on their phones. During group projects, there is always one kid who keeps pulling his or her phone out to send a message. This creates a huge distraction from work and has significant impacts. I've also read articles that provide cases of students using text messages to cheat. Even though teachers and professors state not to bring phones to exams, they never enforce the rule.

I would think that increased cellular phone use, especially for text messaging, could have negative effects for your hands. The concept of texting is similar to typing, which has proven to cause problems for many. Although text messaging is not as comprehensive as using a computer keyboard, the increased usage may still be enough to cause musculoskeletal disorder. However, data is very limited on this subject.

What about the use of the English language? One would think the use of abbreviations, short messages, and incomplete sentences could lead to sloppy language skills. Although text messages are brief, they are sent so many times that in aggregate, it could have an impact in linguistics. Many experts feel this way; however, others present an interesting counter-argument. Text messaging may not be all that bad. Some experts add that the use of abbreviations is a novel way of communication that demonstrates dexterity and creativity. This method of communication expands our language capabilities and demonstrates ingenuity. There are cases in which people catch themselves using "text message lingo" in academic papers, while causing no harm for others.

I've noted a few ways in which text messaging benefits individuals. One other way is that this method of communication connects people. Many people are in constant contact with each other. They develop a strong interest to know what's going on in people's lives and share information that they wouldn't otherwise. Some conversations, or at least topics of discussion, would never arise in direct dialogues. Sometimes it's because we're too scared or forget later on. There are other situations where sending a text message may be more appropriate then conversing on the phone (in a quiet public place). Thus, it adds a lot of convenience and doesn't distract others.

I have mentioned many ways in which text messaging harms human beings. I'm fully aware that these interpretations are only valid with credible data and statistical analysis. However, the rise in text messaging is a recent phenomenon, and not enough data is available to construct definitive conclusions. Many experts have developed a number of hypotheses that they hope to test in the near future. I've come across a few studies, but found a lot of flaws that lead to inaccurate justifications. Some studies sample just a few students from one specific high school, which leads to invalid results. I chose not to share this data or conclusions for these reasons. For a future study, it would be interesting to stratify data by type of cell phone (compare regular phone vs smart phone and see if there is a significant difference in effects - whether positive or negative).

The Effects of Text Messaging
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Tuesday, February 19, 2013

Why Cell Phones Are Important

Cell phones are now considered to be a necessity for most people. This is because cell phones provide us with the ability to communicate with our family, colleagues, etc. not only through calls and SMS but even through sending e-mails as our mobile phones are now just like a mini computer that can be connected to the Internet if configured. Cell phones are even used as a camera, a video recorder and even as a radio and mp3 player all in one. What more can you ask for?

Cell phones are a great tool for us to connect with other people, thereby providing us with a kind of security knowing that we can "watch over" people or can be "watched over" by the people close to our hearts. In emergency situations, our mobile phones are the ways wherein people can reach us and in the same way through those phones we can reach the necessary people or establishment too. In the event that an old friend is looking for you, there are now websites with a cell phone directory for people to use to find an old flame, a lost relative etc.

If in the past, cell phone reception was not that reliable, that has changed now. In fact due to the advanced technology of today, high quality reception is enjoyed by cell phone users. Wireless technology also brings everything you will ever need in cell phones such as Internet access, GPS technology, etc. Mobile phone service providers have become really dependable that it is hard to live without their services. Due to the increase in the production of different models of cell phones, prices of these gadgets have also dropped making them more affordable than ever. With cell phones, you are not only able to make important calls but may be able to check your office email, use your phone for reminders or calendars, use it for data transfers from your phone to your laptop, and a lot more.

Why Cell Phones Are Important

Cell phone manufacturers now have ongoing competition as to who would be able to provide the best phone in terms of lightness, being user friendly, having the most features, etc. There are cell phones that are not costly but would have nice features, and then there are the really expensive cell phones that would have everything you could wish for. It is up to you on whether you would choose a phone that is basic giving you only the necessary features you need or a phone that is technologically advanced that gives you needed features and also extras that are great to have. Wireless cell phone service providers on the other hand need to come up with a cell phone directory that would work just like a phone directory to be able to trace the cell phone numbers of people you are looking for. Take note though that there are some websites that have their own cell phone directory that is a paid service. This would of course come with pros and cons.

Why Cell Phones Are Important
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Steve works for FRCD where you can find cell phone numbers free by searching our cell phone directory. You can also lookup reverse cell phone numbers.

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Wednesday, February 6, 2013

Cell Phones For the Deaf - Data Only Cellular Plans

For deaf individuals or for those with significant hearing loss, cell phones can still be a great way of staying in touch. By selecting hearing aid compatible cell phones, those with a mild to moderate hearing loss can often make use of these handy communication devices especially when a neckloop, amplifier, or an induction coupler known as Hatis is added. For deaf individuals or those with a more severe hearing loss, the ability to use text messaging features is critical and the use of voice calling frustrating or useless. In such instances, paying for costly voice plans makes no sense when the individual can only make use of the data features.

Fortunately, some of the major US cellular providers now offer data only plans that can be purchased without any voice plan required. T-Mobile offers the Sidekick Data Plan which offers unlimited e-mails, messaging, web surfing, and instant messaging for only .99/month. AIM comes installed on the phone and users can download Yahoo!Messenger. Users can also sync up to three of their POP3 e-mail accounts to their cell phone and they receive a free tmail.com account with 6MB of storage. Voice calls, if needed, would be charged at 20 cents/minute.

AT&T offers the Text Accessibility Plan (TAP) for iPhone. This plan includes unlimited SMS messages, unlimited data usage (e-mail and web) as well as visual voice mail for /month. Any voice calls would be charged at 40 cents/minute. The AT&T site indicates that potential users need to complete a Disability Certification form, sign up for regular iPhone activation via iTunes, and then contact AT&Ts National Center for Customers with Disabilities to change their service to the TAP plan for iPhone. Availability is sparse in Alaska as well as parts of the western US.

Cell Phones For the Deaf - Data Only Cellular Plans

Sprint provides the Sprint Relay Data Plan. This .99/month plan provides unlimited e-mail, internet access, instant messaging, domestic text messaging (SMS), and unlimited Phone as Modem. Incoming and outgoing calls are blocked to avoid any unwanted expenses. This block can be removed by the user and voice calls would then be charged 20 cents/minute for local calls and 40 cents/minute for long distance. Users can get this plan only via the Sprintrelaystore.com site.

US Cellular offers a number of data only plans. They have a "Standard Wireless" plan for .95/month which provides unlimited text messaging and, if needed, voice calls for 25 cents/minute within area and 69 cents/minute when roaming. For those interested in a plan without a contract or any credit checks, they also offer a Prepaid Plan. This .95/month plan also gives users unlimited text messaging but any voice calls are charged at 50 cents/minute in area and 69 cents when roaming.

For those wanting additional data services, US Cellular offers the Blackberry Plan which provides unlimited texting messaging for .95 and e-mail and web service for an additional .95/month. Any voice calls are charged at 99 cents/minute. Users get not only text messaging but Yahoo!Messenger, GoogleTalk Messenger, and Blackberry Messenger as well as the ability to link up to 10 personal POP3 e-mail accounts. The final offering is their Windows Mobile plan which provides unlimited text messaging for .95/month and Windows Mobile e-mail and web for an additional .95. Users get the Microsoft OS with Internet Explorer web browsing, MSN Instant Messenger and the ability to link up to 8 messaging and e-mail accounts.

Data only plans make sense and certainly there are at least a handful of options available; making cellular based communication a more affordable option for the deaf and hearing impaired.

Cell Phones For the Deaf - Data Only Cellular Plans
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The author writes extensively about cell phone plans via her online cellular and home electronics store, homemedias.info. Readers can learn more about options for the hearing impaired and deaf by visiting her Cell Phones for the Hearing Impaired webpage.

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Monday, February 4, 2013

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Cell phone (telefone celular) is a wireless, portable, long-range, electronic telephone, which during travel can seamlessly change antenna connections, from one radio reception cell to another radio reception cell, without dropping or losing the ongoing call.

Besides the standard voice function of a telephone, latest cell phones (telefone celular) have features such as SMS for text messages, MMS for multimedia messages, radio, games, internet connectivity for email, browsing, blogging, music (MP3) playback, memo recording, built-in cameras and camcorders, ringtones, personal organizers, Push-to-Talk (PTT), Bluetooth and infrared connectivity, call registers, streaming video, downloading video, video call, and also serve as wireless modems for PCs that can be connected to the Internet.

The power in a cell phone (telefone celular) is obtained from rechargeable batteries, which can be recharged from the mains, a USB port or a cigarette lighter port in an automobile. Nickel Metal Hydride were the most common types of batteries, which due to the "memory effect" (the user can recharge only when the entire battery is drained off) were replaced by Lithium-Ion batteries, which did not suffer from any memory effect.

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Cell phones (telefone celular) came into existence because of the invention of hexagonal cells in 1947, for the base stations by Bell Labs engineers at AT&T. This was further developed during the 1960s by Bell Labs. During a call, the channel frequency could not be changed automatically from one cell (base station coverage area) to another cell (base station coverage area) as the person traveled from the area of one cell to the area of another cell. Amos Joel of Bell Labs invented a breakthrough invention and called it as the `call handoff` by which the channel frequency could be changed automatically from one cell to another cell, during the same call, as the mobile user traveled from one cell to another cell. Due to their heavy construction, these phones were used mainly in automobiles.

The first practical cell phone in a non-vehicle setting, and which could be handheld, was invented by Martin Cooper, the General Manager (Communications Division) of Motorola, who made the world`s first handheld cell phone (telefone celular) call on April 3, 1973.

The technology by which the cell phone (telefone celular) works depends on the mobile phone operator; however, all of them use electromagnetic radio waves, which are in touch with a cell site (base station). The base station is composed of several antennas which are mounted on a pole, tower, or building. Cell sites are spread at a distance of 5 to 8 miles (approx. 8 to 13 km) from each other. The low power transceiver from the cell phone transmits the voice and data to the nearest cell site. During movement, the cell phone will "handoff" the information to other cell site. Mobile phone operators use many technologies to maintain the smooth stream of digitized data from the cell phone to the cell site and vice versa.

The wireless telephone technologies are grouped under heads known as generations, starting from zero generation or 0G. The current generation going on is 4G; however, there are old cell phones (telefone celular) that still operate on 1G, 2G, and 3G technologies. The wireless telephone technologies used in each generation are as given below:

0G: PTT, MTS, IMTS, AMTS, OLT, MTD, Autotel/PALM, ARP
1G: NMT, AMPS/TACS/ETACS, Hicap, CDPD, Mobitex, DataTac
2G: GSM, iDEN, D-AMPS, IS-95/cdmaOne, PDC, CSD, PHS, GPRS, HSCSD, WiDEN, CDMA2000 1xRTT/IS-2000, EDGE (EGPRS)
3G: W-CDMA, UMTS (3GSM), FOMA, TD-CDMA/UMTS-TDD, 1xEV-DO/IS-856, TD-SCDMA, GAN (UMA), HSPA, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, HSOPA
4G : UMB, UMTS Revision 8 (LTE), WiMAX
Frequency bands: SMR, Cellular, PCS

The impact of cell phone (telefone celular) usage on human health has been of considerable worldwide concern. Research studies in Copenhagen, from the Danish Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, the National Cancer Institute, and the Institute of Cancer Research, do not establish any link between cancer and cell phone usage. However, an intergovernmental agency IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) forming part of the World Health Organization of the United Nations, undertook a study of 4,500 users and found a statistically significant link between cell phone usage and tumor frequency. Further research is going on.

Cell phone (telefone celular) usage and driving is a common worldwide phenomenon. Some jurisdictions have banned usage of hand-held phones during driving, but allowed the hands-free fashion of cell phone usage while driving. However, studies have found out that the distraction is caused by the conversation itself; hence, both hand-held and hands-free cell phones contribute towards road traffic accidents. Further studies on cell phone usage and driving are going on.

Nokia Corporation is currently the world`s largest manufacturer of cell phones (telefone celular). Other notable cell phone manufacturers, in alphabetical order, are 3G, Audiovox (now UT Starcom), Benefon, BenQ-Siemens, Fujitsu, High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC), Kyocera, LG Mobile, Motorola, NEC, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Pantech Curitel, Philips, Research In Motion, Sagem, Samsung, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens, Sierra Wireless, SK Teletech, Sony Ericsson, T&A Alcatel, Toshiba, and Verizon.

This article is under GNU FDL license and can be distributed without any previous authorization from the author. However the author's name and all the URLs (links) mentioned in the article and biography must be kept.

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones
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This article can also be accessed in Portuguese language from the News Article section of page http://www.polomercantil.com.br/celular.php

Roberto Sedycias works as IT consultant for http://www.polomercantil.com.br

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